Java is a programming language and environment invented by James Gosling and his team in 1994. Java was originally named Oak and was developed as a part of the Green project at the Sun Company and after some time renamed Green and it was later renamed Java, from a list of random words.
The syntax of Java is almost same as C++. Java is purely Objecj Oriented programing language and all code is written inside a class and everything is an object.
Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation of Java as Java 1.0 in 1995. Since JDK 1.0, a lots of changes took place and a large number of packages and classes has been added to Java language.
Versions of Java
JDK 1.0 (January 23, 1996)
JDK 1.1 (February 19, 1997)
J2SE 1.2 (December 8, 1998)
J2SE 1.3 (May 8, 2000)
J2SE 1.4 (February 6, 2002)
J2SE 5.0 (September 30, 2004)
Java SE 6 (December 11, 2006)(Currently Java SE 6 Update 21)
Java SE 7.0(Upcoming major update to Java)
JAVA DEVELOPMENT KIT (JDK)
JDK is a software development program provided by sun Microsystems. Java Development Kit or JDK comes in various version and can be downloaded free from the sun Microsystems or now form Oracle. JVM compiler, debugger and other tools are used with JDK for developing Java based application & Java applets. A compiler is program that converts the code which we can understand to the code that computer can understand (i.e. the code we write to the machine code).
But Java compiler compiles Java language code to an intermediate code called Java bytecode, instead of directly to machine code. Java bytecode are intended to be interpreted by a Java virtual machine (JVM).
Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
JRE is commonly used by end users. JRE is used to run standalone Java applications and Java applets in web browsers.
Oracle buys Java
On 20 Apr 2009 Oracle decided to buy Microsystems and now Java has become subsidiary of oracle. Sun's Certification Program in Java technology has been fully integrated with the Oracle Certification Program.
Following are Java technology professional certifications:
- Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE)
- Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 5/SE 6
(Sun Certified Java Associate) - Oracle Certified Professional, Java SE 6/SE 5 Programmer
(sun certified java programmer) - Oracle Certified Master, Java SE 6 Developer
(Sun Certified Java Developer)
- Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE)
- Oracle Certified Professional, Java EE 5 Web Component Developer
(Sun Certified Web Component Developer) - Oracle Certified Professional, Java EE 5 Business Component Developer
(Sun Certified Business Component Developer) - Oracle Certified Professional, Java EE 5 Web Services Developer
(Sun Certified Developer for Java Web Services) - Oracle Certified Master, Java EE 5 Enterprise Architect
(Sun Certified Enterprise Architect)
- Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)
- - Oracle Certified Professional, Java ME 1 Mobile Application Developer
(Sun Certified Mobile Application Developer)
